CPT vs OPT: What are the differences?

Many international students wonder if they can engage in both Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT) while studying in the United States. Let's explore this topic to offer clarity.

Understanding CPT and OPT

Before addressing the possibility of combining CPT and OPT, it's crucial to grasp the distinctions between these two programs:

• CPT (Curricular Practical Training): CPT is a work authorization that permits international students to acquire practical work experience directly related to their field of study as part of their academic program. It can be pursued during the student's academic program and necessitates approval from the Designated School Official (DSO) and adherence to USCIS regulations.

• OPT (Optional Practical Training): In contrast, OPT is a work authorization available to F-1 students upon finishing their academic program. It enables students to gain practical work experience in their field of study for up to 12 months (or 24 months for specific STEM degrees) and requires submission to USCIS for validation.

Is It Possible to Engage in Both CPT and OPT?

The concise answer is yes, under specific conditions, a student can partake in both CPT and OPT during their academic journey in the United States. Nonetheless, it's crucial to take the following into account:

1. CPT During the Academic Program: International students can participate in CPT during their academic program, provided it forms an essential part of their curriculum and is directly relevant to their field of study. The employment must be authorized by the DSO, and the student must uphold F-1 status.

2. OPT After Completing the Academic Program: Upon finishing their academic program, international students can apply for OPT to gain additional practical work experience in their field of study. OPT necessitates approval from USCIS and must be completed within specified timelines and regulations.

3. Timing and Duration: International students should carefully plan the timing and duration of both CPT and OPT to ensure compliance with regulations and optimize their chances for practical work experience while maintaining F-1 status. For students to be eligible for OPT they must limit their full-time CPT to less than 12 months.

4. STEM OPT Extension: Students pursuing degrees in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields have the option to request a 24-month STEM OPT extension after concluding the initial 12-month OPT period.